2022

rozdział w monografii naukowej

angielski

DE Emailbemalte Glaser des 13./14. Jahrhunderts sind in Schlesien auserst selten; nun sind solche aus Breslau (Dominsel und Neumarkt) und Opole (Ostrowek) bekannt geworden. Dabei handelt es sich um Fragmente eines Bechers und einer Moschee-Lampe. Archaologisch-kunsthistorische und naturwissenschaftliche Untersuchungen ergaben, dass die Glasgefase in drei Gruppen klassifiziert werden konnen. Bei der ersten Gruppe handelt es sich um islamische Glaser mit Email- bzw. Goldemail-Dekor, die aus Syrien oder Agypten importiert wurden. Die zweite Gruppe umfasst emailbemalte Glaser aus Murano oder anderen Glaswerkstatten in Sudwesteuropa. Glasgefase mit Emaildekor der dritten Gruppe stammen aus Byzanz oder vom Gebiet der Rus. Im Rahmen des vorliegenden Beitrags werden die verschiedenen emailbemalten Glaser aus Schlesien in ihrem archaologischen Zusammenhang vorgestellt sowie die Ergebnisse zur Archaometrie und Provenienz der Glasobjekte erlautert.

EN The late medieval enamelled glass finds presented in this paper, despite long-term and large-scale excavations of strongholds and towns, are still extremely rare in Silesia. At the time of writing, only 17 pieces have been discovered. Two were found in cultural layers on the site of Wrocław-Ostrow Tumski, one was found at Opole-Ostrowek, and 14 were found in the area of the late medieval marketplace of Wrocław-Nowy Targ square. Based on morphologic and typological features and supported by the results of chemical composition analysis, the finds can be divided into three groups. The first group includes Islamic enamelled glass, or the so called gilded- glass, imported from the area of present-day Syro-Palestine. Finds of this group are generally vessels with relatively thick walls, ornate Arabic inscriptions, and are composed of sodium- calcium glass. The Alderverdinii-type beakers belong to the second and biggest group and originated presumably in the Murano workshops of South-Western Europe. They are thin-walled, delicate, made of sodium- calcium glass, and decorated with painted geometric, floral, and heraldic motifs. The third group – which consists of glass objects of Eastern, Ruthenian, or Byzantine origin – is more complex than the previous two. On the one hand, the group includes vessels made of sodium-lead glass, and on the other hand it contains objects produced of lead-potassium glass. Finds from this group are widemouthed vessels (bowls, lamps, and beakers) decorated with gilding and enamel.All enamelled glass objects discovered in Silesia were found in the close vicinity of castles, strongholds, or urban marketplaces. This undoubtedly shows that Wrocław and Opole played an active role in the dynamic transnational exchange that characterised 13th century central European commerce.

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https://medialibrary.reichert-verlag.de/media/pdf/9783752002041_toc.pdf

GLASWERK Beiträge zur Erforschung von Glas und Glashütten

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