2022

rozdział w monografii naukowej

polski

EN The Corded Ware culture played a crucial role in shaping the cultural picture of south-eastern Poland in the 3rd millennium BC. The development of this culture has been addressed many times at both the macro- and microregional levels. As a result, several periodization systems have been proposed, and they cannot always be synchronized. An attempt was therefore made to arrange the chronometry based on a larger series of available age determinations. Modelled using the KDE_SUM function, radiocarbon dates obtained from the few barrow graves identified so far in the Małopolska Upland point to the presence of barrows in this area in the range 2800–2450 BC. A large series of dates was acquired from niche graves. Most of the age determinations obtained from such graves fall to the third quarter of the third millennium BC, i.e., 2500–2300/2250 BC. Using the Transition function, changes in funeral customs involving the replacement of barrows by flat graves should be placed in the period 2533–2501 BC. Radiocarbon data for graves in the Carpathian Foothills are limited, and they suggest barrows were built there from the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC (function KDE_SUM: 3077–2884 BC) up to approx. 2350 BC, i.e., from the pre-corded phase (CWC-X) to the appearance of the early Bronze Age Mierzanowice culture. After the middle of the third millennium BC, along with erecting new mounds, the Carpathian populations of the Corded Ware culture buried their dead in the embankments of older mounds. In the Rzeszów Foothills and the loess parts of the lower San River valley, a series of dates were obtained for bones of individuals buried in niche graves. The earliest dates can be synchronized with the turn of the first and second halves of the 3rd millennium BC: 2570–2480 BC, and the youngest fall to 2346–2292 BC. Using the KDE_SUM modelling, the beginning of the appearance of niche graves in the loess southern part of the Sandomierz Basin can be dated to 2502–2475 BC, and the end of this phenomenon to around 2370 BC. A limited number of radiocarbon age determinations are available for the mounds located near Narol in Roztocze, with the oldest synchronized with the end of the first half of the third millennium BC: 2621–2491 BC, and the youngest dated to 2286–2146 BC, i.e., to the early phase of the Mierzanowice culture. A series of radiocarbon dates was obtained for barrows located in the Sokal Ridge. The oldest (3025–2898 BC; Poz-70675) should be synchronized with the pre-corded horizon (CWC-X), and the youngest falls to 2466–2345 BC. Using the KDE_SUM function, the occurrence of barrows in the Sokal Ridge can be placed within the range of 2615–2400 BC. According to the KDE_SUM modelling, the beginning of the appearance of niche graves in the Sokal Ridge falls to around 2470 BC, and the end to around 2270 BC.

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http://iaepan.edu.pl/spolecznosci-schylkowego-neolitu-w-poludniowo-wschodniej-polsce/

Społeczności schyłkowego eneolitu w południowo-wschodniej Polsce w świetle badań archeologicznych i analiz interdyscyplinarnych

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